460  | 
                    Birth of Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine | 
                  
                   
                    460  
                        | 
                    Age of Pericles in Athens | 
                  
                   
                    457  
                        | 
                    Aristophanes (comedic writer) was born. | 
                  
                  
                    457  
                        | 
                    First Peloponnesian war between Athens and Sparta | 
                  
                   
                    452  
                        | 
                    Wars over imperial succession following the death of Alexander 
                      I in Macedonia | 
                  
                   
                    450  
                        | 
                    Herodotus (the father of history) visited Egypt | 
                  
                   
                    449  
                        | 
                    Sacred War between Athens and Sparta over the Oracle of 
                      Delphi | 
                  
                  
                    447 
                        | 
                     The construction of the Parthenon began. | 
                  
                   
                    443-429  
                        | 
                    Age of Pericles, who led Athens and the 10 generals | 
                  
                  
                    431  
                        | 
                    Second Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta | 
                  
                   
                    430  
                        | 
                    Epidemic of plague in Athens (Pericles died.) | 
                  
                  
                    429  
                        | 
                    Birth of Plato (philosopher, student of Socrates) | 
                  
                   
                    413  
                        | 
                    Athens attacked Sicily and fails in the attempt to capture the island. | 
                  
                  
                    407  
                        | 
                    Plato became a pupil of Socrates. | 
                  
                   
                    404  
                        | 
                    Athens surrendered to Sparta to end the Peloponnesian War. | 
                  
                   
                    404  
                        | 
                    Sparta became the most powerful city-state in ancient Greece. | 
                  
                   
                    401  
                        | 
                    Sparta went  to war with Persia. | 
                  
                   
                    400   | 
                    Greeks under Xenophone were defeated at Cunaxa; retreat 
                      of the 10,000. |